MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ON HEART ANATOMY QUIZ – MCQS WITH RATIONALE ANSWER – HEART ANATOMY MCQ QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALE
MCQ FOR HEART ANATOMY QUIZ
These mcqs are prepared exclusively for medical professionals for exam preparation. MCQ is helpful to remember the concept on heart anatomy mcq quiz. This multiple choice questions are helpful for preparation for DHA, PROMETRIC, MOH, HAAD, NCLEX, Medical, NEET and Nursing EXAMINATION
HEART ANATOMY MCQ QUIZ
Heart Anatomy MCQs with Rationale Answers
Which chamber of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the body?
a) Left atrium
b) Right atrium
c) Left ventricle
d) Right ventricle
Answer: b) Right atrium
Rationale: The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava.
What is the main function of the left ventricle?
a) To pump oxygenated blood to the lungs
b) To pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs
c) To pump oxygenated blood to the body
d) To pump deoxygenated blood to the body
Answer: c) To pump oxygenated blood to the body
Rationale: The left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood through the aorta to the systemic circulation, supplying the body with oxygen and nutrients.
Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?
a) Mitral valve
b) Aortic valve
c) Pulmonary valve
d) Tricuspid valve
Answer: d) Tricuspid valve
Rationale: The tricuspid valve, also known as the right atrioventricular valve, prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
Where does the exchange of gases and nutrients primarily occur in the circulatory system?
a) Arteries
b) Veins
c) Capillaries
d) Arterioles
Answer: c) Capillaries
Rationale: Capillaries are small blood vessels where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between the blood and tissues.
Which part of the heart’s conduction system is known as the natural pacemaker?
a) Atrioventricular (AV) node
b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
c) Bundle of His
d) Purkinje fibers
Answer: b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
Rationale: The SA node is located in the right atrium and generates electrical impulses that initiate the heartbeat, setting the pace for the heart.
Which coronary artery supplies blood to the left atrium and the posterior walls of the left ventricle?
a) Right coronary artery
b) Left anterior descending artery
c) Circumflex artery
d) Left main coronary artery
Answer: c) Circumflex artery
Rationale: The circumflex artery branches off the left main coronary artery and supplies oxygenated blood to the left atrium and the posterior walls of the left ventricle.
What is the role of the chordae tendineae in the heart?
a) To generate electrical impulses
b) To open and close the heart valves
c) To anchor the atrioventricular valves to the heart muscles
d) To facilitate blood flow through the heart
Answer: c) To anchor the atrioventricular valves to the heart muscles
Rationale: The chordae tendineae are tendon-like cords that connect the atrioventricular valves to the papillary muscles, preventing valve prolapse during ventricular contraction.
Which structure separates the left and right ventricles?
a) Interventricular septum
b) Interatrial septum
c) Mitral valve
d) Tricuspid valve
Answer: a) Interventricular septum
Rationale: The interventricular septum is a thick wall that divides the left and right ventricles, preventing the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Where is the aortic valve located?
a) Between the left atrium and left ventricle
b) Between the left ventricle and aorta
c) Between the right atrium and right ventricle
d) Between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Answer: b) Between the left ventricle and aorta
Rationale: The aortic valve controls the flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the aorta and prevents backflow into the ventricle.
Which blood vessels return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
a) Pulmonary arteries
b) Pulmonary veins
c) Superior vena cava
d) Inferior vena cava
Answer: b) Pulmonary veins
Rationale: The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Which heart chamber has the thickest walls and why?
a) Right atrium, due to receiving deoxygenated blood
b) Right ventricle, due to pumping blood to the lungs
c) Left atrium, due to receiving oxygenated blood
d) Left ventricle, due to pumping blood to the entire body
Answer: d) Left ventricle, due to pumping blood to the entire body
Rationale: The left ventricle has the thickest walls because it needs to generate high pressure to pump blood throughout the systemic circulation.
Which structure in the heart prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle?
a) Mitral valve
b) Tricuspid valve
c) Pulmonary valve
d) Aortic valve
Answer: d) Aortic valve
Rationale: The aortic valve prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole.
Which term describes the phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart?
a) Diastole
b) Systole
c) Atrial kick
d) Ventricular filling
Answer: b) Systole
Rationale: Systole is the phase of the cardiac cycle during which the ventricles contract, increasing pressure and ejecting blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery.
What is the main function of the pericardium?
a) To pump blood
b) To generate electrical impulses
c) To protect and anchor the heart
d) To separate the atria from the ventricles
Answer: c) To protect and anchor the heart
Rationale: The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart, providing protection, reducing friction, and anchoring the heart in the chest cavity.
Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for its contractile function?
a) Epicardium
b) Myocardium
c) Endocardium
d) Pericardium
Answer: b) Myocardium
Rationale: The myocardium is the thick, muscular layer of the heart wall responsible for the contractile function that pumps blood through the circulatory system.
What is the function of the pulmonary valve?
a) To prevent backflow of blood into the right atrium
b) To regulate blood flow between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
c) To prevent backflow of blood into the left atrium
d) To regulate blood flow between the left ventricle and the aorta
Answer: b) To regulate blood flow between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Rationale: The pulmonary valve prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle during diastole.
Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?
a) Pulmonary veins
b) Pulmonary artery
c) Aorta
d) Superior vena cava
Answer: b) Pulmonary artery
Rationale: The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.
What is the role of the coronary arteries?
a) To carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs
b) To supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
c) To remove waste products from the heart
d) To regulate heart rate
Answer: b) To supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
Rationale: The coronary arteries provide the heart muscle with the necessary oxygen and nutrients to function effectively.
Which valve prevents the backflow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle?
a) Mitral valve
b) Tricuspid valve
c) Aortic valve
d) Pulmonary valve
Answer: a) Mitral valve
Rationale: The mitral valve, also known as the left atrioventricular valve, prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
