GNM NURSING NOTES BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES SOCIOLOGY PDF DOWNLOAD
GNM NURSING BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES SOCIOLOGY NOTES PDF DOWNLOAD
GNM NURSING NOTES FIRST YEAR PDF DOWNLOAD
1ST YEAR GNM NURSING STUDENTS SOCIOLOGY NOTES PDF DOWNLOAD
SOCIOLOGY NOTES
Introduction
a) Definition and scope of sociology
b) Its relationship with other social sciences
c) Uses of sociology for nurses.
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DEFINITION
Sociology is the scientific study of society, human social behavior, and the structures and processes that organize and shape social life. It seeks to understand how individuals and groups interact within a given social context, examining various aspects such as institutions, cultures, norms, values, social stratification, and the dynamics of social change. The goal of sociology is to gain insights into the complexities of social life and contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors that influence human behavior and social organization.
SCOPE OF SOCIOLOGY
The scope of sociology is broad and encompasses the study of various aspects of human society. Some key areas within the scope of sociology include:
Social Institutions: Sociologists examine institutions such as family, education, religion, economy, politics, and healthcare to understand how they function, their roles in society, and their impact on individuals and groups.
Social Structures: The study of social structures involves analyzing the patterns and arrangements that shape social life, including social hierarchies, roles, statuses, and groups.
Social Interaction and Relationships: Sociology explores how individuals and groups interact with each other, form relationships, and create social bonds. This includes the study of communication, cooperation, conflict, and social networks.
Culture: Sociologists study culture, which encompasses the beliefs, values, norms, symbols, and practices shared by members of a society. Cultural sociology examines how culture influences and is influenced by social structures and individuals.
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Individual
a) Review of human growth and
development
b) The socialization process
c) Effect of environment on human growth
and development
d) Rights and responsibilities of the
individual in a democratic society.
USE OF SOCIOLOGY FOR NURSES
Sociology plays a crucial role in nursing by providing a broader understanding of the social context in which healthcare is delivered. Here are several ways in which sociology is relevant and beneficial for nurses:
Cultural Competence: Nurses encounter patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. Understanding sociocultural factors helps nurses provide culturally competent care. This involves recognizing and respecting the cultural beliefs, values, and practices that may influence a patient’s health and healthcare decisions.
Health Disparities: Sociology helps nurses understand the social determinants of health, such as socioeconomic status, race, and gender, which contribute to health disparities. By recognizing and addressing these factors, nurses can work towards reducing inequalities in healthcare outcomes.
Patient Advocacy: Sociological insights assist nurses in advocating for their patients. Understanding the social structures and power dynamics that may impact a patient’s access to healthcare resources allows nurses to be effective advocates for their patients’ rights and well-being.
Community Health: Nurses often work in community health settings. Sociology helps them analyze and address community health issues, assess the impact of social policies on health, and collaborate with community members to develop effective health promotion and prevention programs.
The Family
a) Definition, characteristics and types of
family.
b) Family cycle and basic needs of family
c) Importance of interdependence of family
members.
d) Important functions of family and their
problems.
e) Types of Marriage, medical and sociology
aspects of marriage.
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INDIVIDUAL
In sociology, the individual is often studied in the context of social interactions, structures, and institutions. Here are some key points related to the sociological perspective on individuals:
Social Construction of the Individual: Sociologists argue that individuals are not isolated entities but are socially constructed. Our identities, roles, and behaviors are shaped by social influences, cultural norms, and societal expectations.
Agency and Structure: The concept of agency refers to an individual’s capacity to act independently and make choices. However, sociologists also emphasize the role of social structures that constrain and shape individual actions. The interplay between agency and structure is a central theme in understanding the behavior of individuals.
Socialization: Socialization is the process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, norms, and behaviors of their society. This process begins in childhood and continues throughout life, influencing how individuals perceive themselves and others.
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Society
a) Definition and meaning.
b) Social groups – Types, Structure,
intergroup relationship group cycle, group
behavior and group morale.
c) Social change -Meaning, factors affecting
and effect on society and institution
leading to social problems.
d) Social control
e) Social stratification
f) Social problems-Prostitution, crime
divorce, dowry system, juvenile
delinquency, drug addiction alcoholism,
handicapped, over population and slum
g) Social agencies and remedial measures
REVIEW OF HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
In the context of sociology, the review of human growth and development focuses on understanding how individuals evolve within a social context, considering the impact of societal factors on various stages of life. Here is a brief sociological review of human growth and development:
Socialization and Childhood:
Sociologists emphasize the role of socialization in childhood, examining how children learn societal norms, values, and roles through family, education, and media.
The concept of the “looking glass self” suggests that children develop their self-concept by perceiving how others view them.
Adolescence and Identity Formation: The transition to adolescence involves identity formation, where individuals explore and experiment
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THE SOCIALIZATION PROCESS
Socialization is a lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, norms, beliefs, behaviors, and cultural practices of their society. It is a fundamental aspect of human development, shaping individuals’ identity, roles, and interactions within a social context. The socialization process occurs through various agents and stages. Here is an overview of the socialization process:
1. Primary Socialization:
Agents: Primary socialization begins in early childhood and is primarily influenced by family members, especially parents or caregivers.
Role: Family plays a central role in shaping a child’s basic values, language, beliefs, and cultural practices.
Functions: It establishes the foundation for an individual’s sense of self, social roles, and understanding of the world.
2. Secondary Socialization:
Agents: As individuals grow, secondary socialization occurs through interactions with broader social institutions such as schools, peer groups, religious institutions, and the media.
Role: Secondary agents contribute to the development of specific social roles, skills, and knowledge beyond the family context.
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The Community
a) Community
– Definition and types
– Rural and urban
b) Culture and characteristics
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CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILY
In sociology, the concept of family encompasses a range of structures and functions, and its characteristics are examined through various theoretical perspectives. The characteristics of family in sociology are dynamic and can vary across cultures, societies, and historical periods. Here are some key characteristics commonly explored in the sociological study of families:
Social Institution:
Characteristic: The family is considered a social institution, fulfilling specific social functions such as reproduction, socialization, and the provision of emotional support.
Significance: Families contribute to the stability and continuity of society by transmitting cultural values, norms, and traditions.
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FAMILY CYCLE AND BASIC NEEDS OF FAMILY
The family life cycle is a concept in sociology and family studies that describes the stages families go through over time. Each stage is associated with distinct developmental tasks, challenges, and transitions. While the specific stages may vary slightly depending on the source, a common framework includes the following:
Courtship or Pre-family Stage:
Characteristics: Begins with the formation of a romantic relationship and continues until the decision to marry or commit to a long-term partnership.
Developmental Tasks: Establishing a strong emotional connection, determining compatibility, and making decisions about the future.
Childbearing or Child-rearing Stage:
Characteristics: Begins with the birth of the first child and continues as additional children are born and raised.
Developmental Tasks: Adjusting to parenthood, nurturing and raising children, and adapting to changes in family roles and routines.